Encyclopedia

Artificial neural networks are computing systems inspired by biological neural networks, consisting of interconnected nodes that process information using connectionist approaches to computation.

Climate change is driven by alterations in the Earth's energy balance, primarily through increased greenhouse gas concentrations from human activities, amplified by feedback mechanisms in the climate system.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary genome editing tool that allows precise modification of DNA sequences in living organisms, with applications spanning medicine, agriculture, and basic research.

Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to fight disease, particularly cancer, by enhancing or restoring immune function through various biological approaches.

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in which two or more particles become correlated such that the quantum state of one particle cannot be described independently of the others, regardless of the distance separating them.

Photosynthesis is the biological process by which plants, algae, and certain bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct.